Cataracts are a common eye problem, especially in older people.
When the eye’s natural lens becomes cloudy, vision gets blurry, making daily activities difficult. The best solution for this is a cataract operation, a safe and effective procedure that restores clear vision.
In this guide, we will explain everything about cataract surgery in simple terms—what it is, how it works, the different types, costs in India, recovery tips, and more.
If you or someone in your family is considering this surgery, this information will help you make the right decision.
What is a Cataract Operation?
A cataract operation is a medical procedure where the cloudy natural lens of the eye is removed and replaced with an artificial lens (called an intraocular lens or IOL).
This surgery is very common, with millions of successful operations performed every year in India.
Why is it Needed?
Improves blurry or dim vision caused by cataracts.
Helps people see clearly without thick glasses.
Prevents further vision loss that can lead to blindness if untreated.
Signs You May Need Cataract Surgery
Cataracts develop slowly, so many people ignore early symptoms. You should see an eye doctor if you have:
Blurry or foggy vision – Like looking through a dirty window.
Difficulty seeing at night – Trouble driving in low light.
Glare sensitivity – Bright lights feel too harsh.
Frequent change in glasses power – Vision keeps getting worse.
Double vision in one eye – Seeing two images instead of one.
Faded colors – Everything looks yellowish or dull.
If these problems affect your daily life, a cataract operation may be the best solution.
Types of Cataract Surgery Available in India
There are three main types of cataract operations:
1. Phacoemulsification (Modern Laser-Free Surgery)
Most common method in India.
A small cut (2-3 mm) is made in the eye.
Ultrasound waves break the cloudy lens into small pieces.
The pieces are removed, and a new artificial lens is placed.
No stitches needed; heals quickly.
Takes 15-20 minutes per eye.
2. Laser-Assisted Cataract Surgery (FLACS)
Uses a laser to make precise cuts.
More accurate but expensive.
Best for patients with astigmatism.
3. Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery (MSICS)
Used in advanced cataracts.
A slightly larger cut is made.
The whole cataract is removed in one piece.
Takes longer to heal than phacoemulsification.
Your doctor will suggest the best type based on your eye condition and budget.
What Happens Before, During, and After Surgery?
Before the Operation
Eye check-up – The doctor measures eye shape and power for the artificial lens.
Medicine instructions – You may need to stop certain medicines before surgery.
Fasting – No food or water for 6 hours before surgery (if done under local anesthesia).
During the Operation
You will be awake but given numbing drops so you don’t feel pain.
The surgeon removes the cloudy lens and replaces it with an artificial one.
The surgery takes less than 30 minutes.
After the Operation
You can go home the same day.
Wear an eye shield for protection.
Use prescribed eye drops to prevent infection.
Avoid rubbing the eye, heavy work, or swimming for a few weeks.
Vision improves in a few days, full recovery in 4-6 weeks.
Types of Artificial Lenses (IOLs) Used in Cataract Operation
After removing the cataract, an artificial lens (IOL) is placed inside the eye. Different types include:
Monofocal IOL – Helps see clearly at one distance (usually far). Reading glasses may still be needed.
Multifocal IOL – Allows clear vision for both near and far (reduces dependency on glasses).
Toric IOL – Corrects astigmatism (irregular cornea shape).
Trifocal IOL – Advanced lens for near, far, and intermediate vision.
The doctor will help choose the best lens based on your needs and budget.
Cost of Cataract Operation in India
The cost depends on the type of surgery and lens used:
| Type of Surgery | Approximate Cost (Per Eye) |
|---|---|
| Phacoemulsification | ₹15,000 – ₹50,000 |
| Laser Surgery (FLACS) | ₹40,000 – ₹80,000 |
| MSICS (Government Hospitals) | Free – ₹10,000 |
Note: Many government hospitals and NGOs offer free or low-cost cataract operations for poor patients.
Recovery Tips After Cataract Surgery
To heal faster and avoid complications:
✔ Use eye drops as prescribed.
✔ Wear sunglasses outdoors.
✔ Avoid heavy lifting or bending for 2 weeks.
✔ Do not rub or press the eye.
✔ Sleep with an eye shield for a few days.
✔ Visit the doctor for follow-up check-ups.
Most people see a big improvement in vision within a few days.
Common Myths About Cataract Operation
❌ Myth 1: "Cataract can be cured with eye drops or medicines."
✅ Fact: Surgery is the only treatment.
❌ Myth 2: "Cataract surgery is painful."
✅ Fact: It is painless with local anesthesia.
❌ Myth 3: "The cataract will come back after surgery."
✅ Fact: The artificial lens lasts a lifetime.
❌ Myth 4: "Only old people need cataract surgery."
✅ Fact: Younger people can also get cataracts due to injury or diabetes.
When Should You Get a Cataract Operation?
Do not wait until the cataract becomes "ripe" (fully mature). Delaying surgery can make it harder to remove and increase risks. Consult an eye specialist if:
Your vision problems affect daily life (reading, driving, working).
Glasses no longer help.
The doctor confirms that surgery is needed.
Final Thoughts
A cataract operation is a safe and effective way to restore clear vision. With modern techniques, the surgery is quick, painless, and has a high success rate.
If you or a loved one is struggling with blurry vision due to cataracts, consult an eye specialist today.
Early treatment means better vision and a better quality of life.
Got questions? Ask in the comments below!
